Imperialism and Manhood Essay

Study question 1. 2. 3. To Roosevelt, the idea of race suicide was closely interlinked to manhood. Not only would the American men face competition from immigrant workers and be unable to provide for more children: thus leading to an excess of inferior immigrants but the American man would also be related to the impotent American man, unable to create more children. This would lead to the race’s elimination Race and Immigration 1. It allowed individuals to distinguish and separate themselves from immigrants thus creating a barrier that showed them as undesirable. 2. Certain policies and laws were created to separate the Chinese from other groups: Chinese Exclusion Act. 3. This act set a precedent on the treatment of other foreigners that would enter America. Urban Politics and Culture 1. It is preferable to have a community that has a degree of refinement than to live in one that is full of poverty. 2. The wealth should be divided amongst the immediate family to a degree that does not surpass them into leading unfulfilling and lazy lives. The rest should be distributed for the benefit of society. 1. Having undergone poverty himself, Riles shows stereotypes but presents them in an entertaining way to the audience. Also he mentions the roles these different cultures play in merging with the American way of life. 2. Riis and Carnegie are similar in their opinion that the poor exist and cannot be ignored but it is only the rich who can provide them with relief. Cultural Encounters in the Far West 1. The Bison went into extinction because of the cold and droughts bought in by the changing environment and human influence which resulted in colonial expansion that bought in new diseases and animals. 2. It was not the nomads alone who hunted the bison. They sold the animals to the Euro-American invaders. 1. Blacks could not vote unless their grandfathers had not been voters before the Civil War, literacy tests had to be passed, fees was charged for voting and democrats (always white individuals) were the only ones allowed to vote. 2. The South contained individuals who had the deepest hatred for the blacks which led the lynching in this area to be the worst. 3. Separate schools, hospitals, accommodations and even entrances were given to the two groups. Often enough the blacks were provided no facilities by certain states. 4. They decided to test out the marginzalation itself by acts like the one committed by Homer A Plessy Jim Crow Museum of Racist Memorabilia Website 1. Minstrels would perform music with black faced performers in the quest to ridicule black people. Also caricatures were made which were printed in novels and plays. 2. Churches taught that blacks were inferior. Politicians gave speeches supporting segregation and writers also wrote against the black man.

African American Vernacular Essay

According to the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, the definition of vernacular is â€Å"of, relating to, or being a nonstandard language or dialect of a place, region, or country. † In terms of African American history, the evolution of vernacular is very important and a very unique part of the culture. The African American vernacular has aided the development of a distinct culture in terms of what African Americans were subjected to from the installation of slavery. The African American vernacular was used as a way to expose the atrocities that African Americans were imperiled to through songs and language. â€Å"Go down Moses ,† a spiritual and â€Å"Strange Fruit,† performed by Billie Holiday are two songs that represent the vernacular of African American culture. â€Å"Go down Moses,† was a song that had a Christian religious theme that spoke of the Israelites being enslaved by Pharaoh in Egypt’s land. Spirituals had ambiguous meanings that included a reverence for Christianity and a desire to be free from the bondages of slavery. â€Å"Strange Fruit† was a song originally written as a poem that exposed racism against African American and called for a social change. Although they bear some similarities, the differences between â€Å"Go down Moses† and â€Å"Strange Fruit† include setting, meaning and cultural impact. According to The Norton Anthology of African American Literature by Henry Louis-Gates Jr, Spirituals were a very important part of African American culture during the time of slavery. And still are today, although they are widely known as gospels. Spirituals have a Christian religious theme and are usually performed a cappella with a single melody. (Gates Jr, 2003) African American Spirituals are the predecessor to the blues, gospels, jazz and rap/hip-hop. Spirituals are also referred to as Negro spirituals, Black spirituals, folk songs and jubilees. Spirituals were sung to provide comfort and ease the pain of the harsh daily tasks that slaves were submitted to. They were also seen as an expression of spiritual devotion and a yearning for freedom from the bondages of slavery. (Gates Jr, 2003) They were also a means of releasing pent up emotions and expressing sorrow. More importantly, they served a subversive purpose. Songs like â€Å"Steal away to Jesus,† â€Å"Swing low,† â€Å"Sweet Chariot,† â€Å"Didn’t my Lord Deliver Daniel? † and â€Å"Go down Moses†served a dual purpose during the times of slavery. Spirituals were used as a code between the slaves to aide with the task of attempting to escape slavery or the thought of escaping from bondage. â€Å"Go down Moses† first recorded by Paul Robeson, is a song riddled with ambiguous tones. On the surface, this song tells the story of the Israelites as slaves, which is found in the books of Genesis and Exodus. Moses was called by God to instruct Pharaoh to free the Israelites from the bondages of slavery. â€Å"Go down Moses, way down in Egypt’s land, tell old Pharaoh to let my people go† is one line from the song. African slaves forcefully bought to the Americas were converted to Christianity and although they weren’t taught to read or write, they were taught the teachings of the bible. White slave owners used the stories of the sufferings of the Israelites and the affirmation of â€Å"life after death† which is seen throughout the bible, to justify slavery. (Gates Jr. 2003) In the song, â€Å"Go down Moses,† Pharaoh represented the White Slave owners, Israel represented the African American Slaves and Egypt represented the Americas or the United States. â€Å"Strange Fruit† is a song most famously recorded and performed in 1939 by Billie Holiday. The song was written as a poem by Abel Meerpol, a teacher. According to The Norton Anthology of African American Literature, the poem exposed racism in the United States. It shed light on the lynching of African American men in the South. Lynching’s occurred in other regions of the United States, but mainly in the South. â€Å"Strange Fruit† is commonly known as a song of social change. As mentioned before, this poem helped to expose racism in the U. S. During this time, many people were fighting for the civil rights of African American that had been stymied by institutionalized racism. Jim Crow laws of the South are an example of institutionalized racism. Jim Crow laws limited the civil rights of African American and deemed them second class citizens. Even during the days of slavery, there were many efforts made that helped to expose the atrocities that occurred against African Americans. This included photographs and written works such as books and newspaper articles. During the early 20th century, racism against African Americans was exposed via songs that called for a change of societal practices and views. â€Å"Southern trees bear a strange fruit, blood on the leaves and blood at the root, black bodies swinging in the southern breeze†¦Ã¢â‚¬  are some of the lyrics of the song â€Å"Strange Fruit. † â€Å"Here is fruit for the crows to pluck, for the rain togather, for the wind to suck, for the sun to rot, for the trees to drop, here is a strange and bitter crop† are more lyrics to the same song. Imagining a black body swinging from a tree, it can be viewed as a strange fruit or a bitter crop. Hearing the song performed, makes the lyrics and the meaning more ominous. As mentioned before, Billie Holiday recorded the song in 1939 but almost 25 years later, Nina Simone also recorded the song. Concerning the sub-genre social change music, there are many songs written and performed that exposes the way of life for African Americans. This includes â€Å"The Revolution will not be televised† recorded by Gil Scott-Heron in 1970 and â€Å"The Message† recorded by Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five in 1982. Both these songs are considered important to the evolution of African American vernacular because just like â€Å"Strange Fruit† it exposed the racism, prejudices and discrimination that African Americans were subjected to and how it affected their lives. Both the songs â€Å"Go down Moses† and â€Å"Strange Fruit† have an abundance of differences as was mentioned. However they differ in setting or time, meaning and cultural impact. Spirituals were originally sung during the times of slavery, during the 18th and 19th century. They were seen as a reverence to the Christian religion while at the same time, they were also seen as a yearning for freedom from the bondages of slavery. Spirituals developed into gospel songs which are a main staple of the black church in the United States. â€Å"Strange Fruit† was written, recorded and performed during the 19th century. And although slavery had been abolished for maybe 80 years, African Americans still dealt with prejudices, racism and discrimination. These social change songs were developed to expose those prejudices. The lyrics of â€Å"Strange Fruit† mention the â€Å"black bodies swinging†¦ from the poplar trees. † Unlike spirituals, social change had no ambiguous meaning. It meant to directly display the ugliness of what was going on at the time. One more similarity that should be mentioned which highlight the uniqueness concerning African American vernacular in the way in which both these songs were sung. The tone in which Paul Robeson performs â€Å"Go down Moses’ is similar to the way Billie Holiday and Nina Simone performed â€Å"Strange Fruit. † You can see, hear, and feel the soul, essence, pain, and significance of both songs when they were performed. That sense of soul is the one unique component of African American vernacular that sets us apart from all the others.

Answer some questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Answer some questions - Assignment Example Germany attacked the Great Britain by bombing and bringing lots of destruction. In return, the British forces fought back to counter the German conquest. German continued the attacks by fighting the Britain’s Royal air force who were their formidable opponents and this mad the Germans to be more determined in defeating the Britain air force. Germany bombed the largest city of Great Britain, London City and this was a very severe attack to the Britain nation and thus was one of the greatest attacks transacted by Hitler. Once the London bombing was done, the Germanys felt that they were winning the Battle but instead the British air force took to the sky and bombed the German bombers. Germany ended up losing a lot of airplanes among other military hardware. Germany decided to stop attacking Britain because they ran out of fighter planes as they had been destroyed by Britain. Hitler needed more air force to invade Russia, but his men were busy fighting the British forces. Hitler lost interest in taking over Britain and so he decided to stop attacking them. Hitler never wanted to attack innocent people in the cities and this contributed to him stopping the attacks in Great Britain. They decided to down a significant portion of the Britain (Radar Defense system) RDS while Great Britain managed to shoot down 46 aircraft belonging to Germany even though they lost 13 of their own. In another incidence during the fight, Great Britain shot down 75 Germany aircrafts and lost 35 of their own (Allison, Grey &Valentine, 2012). Great Britain succeeded in using the Germany Luftwaffe strategy by ruling against any striking of the RDS, which made them ineffective. Great Britain fought until they came out victorious and Hitler lost the battle. Hitler s ucceeded in bombing London for 57 successful nights, but later lost due to poor strategy in the battle. There was bad weather that was experienced during the attack and that attackers

Analysis, Comparison of Two Articles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Analysis, Comparison of Two Articles - Essay Example The article by Tannen on the divide in communication across genders posits the thesis that men and women communicate differently, and that there is a need for both sexes to understand where the other is coming from from a communication point of view to foster greater understanding among men and women, especially in the intimate context of heterosexual relationships, marriages ,and pair bonds. The rest of the essay undertakes an analysis of these two less, and undertakes to compare them from various contexts aligned with the subject of gender differences, communication between the sexes, the power hierarchies between and among the genders, and the implications of language, word usage, and word choice in everyday relational contexts between men and women, and in such things as items of clothing, on perceptions of what how men and women form relationships and interact with each other. In Smith’s article there is an exploration of the social and gender implications of the use of the name wife-beater to refer to a piece of undershirt that has gained popularity among young people, and among men and women. The issue is not so much the undergarment itself, which is also worn on its own, a T-shirt in essence. The issue has to do with the use of the name wife-beater to refer to the shirt. The shirt has become a staple among even the most famous and popular apparel brands, from Gap to the iconic names of high fashion. Moreover, the author notes that young people, those below 25 years of age, seem to relish wearing the shirt with no qualms about its name and the social and gender, cultural implications of the name. On the other hand, the author herself has serious reservations and objections about the name wife-beater.

Netflix Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Netflix - Essay Example The first part of this paper will analyse Netflix products, its competitors, the company’s competitive strategy as well as its value chain. Part two of the paper will evaluate how Netflix applied art and science through various information communication technologies to boost its operations. Netflix products Netflix has more than 33 million subscribers in 40 countries that can rent DVDs or download movies for a monthly fee through Netflix.com. The company also has mail delivery services where movie deliveries takes place through the US Postal services from distribution centers that are located in the major cities in the country. More so, the movies streaming reaches800 devices that include PCs, TVs, and mobile application (Nelson and Quick, 2012). This means that the company’s products and services are DVD vending, and selling physically and through the internet, mail delivery services and video demand services online. ... The other competitors Amazon prime, who freely ships on millions of items and rented eBooks. The problem that Amazon prime has is that customers are required to purchase an entire year of prime for $ 79; hence discouraging customers (Nelson and Quick, 2012). To add up the competitor list is HBO GO owned by Time Warner, who offers unlimited access via website login. In spite of HBO Go great web interface, it still tethers to the cable networks. Vudu, Wal-Mart partner has also joined the industry, adding up the competitor list and it allows subscribers to stream instantly on Walmart.com. What is Netflix competitive strategy? The main competitive strategy that Netflix uses to beat competitors is product differentiation. This is the case because the company offers old products (movies) in new modernized ways. For instance, the company still mixes the old mail delivery and online streaming in movie delivery, which helps it target diverse customers (Nelson and Quick, 2012). This is excepti onal because no other company in the industry uses the old mail delivery; hence creating a differentiation. This strategy not only creates a differentiation to the customers but also eases customer’s delivery of movies because most customers get the movies at the comfort of their homes through mail and still return them through the same mail. This convenience is a great attraction to customers who end up becoming loyal to Netflix. Netflix value chain analysis Every business should look forward to reducing logistical costs as well as perceptive sales, which eventually keep the company viable. Netflix has strategically organized its value chain because it is cable to accurately, forecast demand given that

World religion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

World religion - Essay Example Since there are many versions of the holy text, there are various underpinning of the concept of Karma in Hinduism. The common grounds on which the concept of Karma is accepted and practiced in Hinduism are the life hereafter. It is stated that the life after death depend upon the deeds of a person. The role or the body that the person will enliven would depend on the actions that include animal, bird or human etc. In order to successfully obtain a peaceful second life, one needs to go through the process of Moksha. The process of karma is also known as process of samsara in Hindu religion (Plate). Karma is considerably a physical substance in the religion of Jainism. It is stated that the deeds and words that are uttered by humans make them live the life they are living. It is important to utter good words so that the substance of karma remains alive and is not affected. The present life of an individual is basically dependent upon the life they spent before. The presence of karma, being a physical substance, is present in the universe around us. The substance is carried from one life to another is by the soul that is also known as Jiva. There is an avid possibility of expiry of the particles if the individuals intend to cause any damage to others. It is considered that the followers of Jainism try to get away with the cycle of re-birth for which they try to take care of their karma or particles of karma that would tag along their soles in the next life as well. The definition of physical particles has been remarked over and over in the religion of Jainism. The concept of kar ma remains strict and firm unlike Hinduism. The concept of karma remains similar in Buddhism, Jainism and Hinduism. It is state by the followers of Buddhism that the impact of the deeds in the present life directly impacts the next life. The present time is also a product of the previous lives. For

Explain the position of Dualism and physicalism Essay

Explain the position of Dualism and physicalism - Essay Example This philosophical thought has been applied for instance in the mind-body relation to claim that a human being is a physical system with the central nervous system and brain without a mind or soul (Crumley 5). For instance, physicalists postulate that the mind or soul is not an immaterial substance but occurs in physical form that is consisted of cells at one level which can be broken down further into atoms at their smallest level. This makes the mind and the brain to be same substance in an outlay where the mind is a consequence of neural connections. This positioning of the mind and the brain based on the assumptions make in physicalism means that damage to the brain translates to the same damage in the mind. This is true for example in the case of the brain which contains multiple elongated cells referred to as neurons whose function is to carry specific impulses. Contacts between neurons take place through points of contact named synapses. A specific neuron in the human nervous system is the C-fibers whose function is to supply the skin with nerves and transmit pain impulses. According to Physicalist, when a person experiences an occasion of pain or occurrence of a thought these are believed to be physical events related to C-fibers transmitting or certain electrical and chemical events taking place in the brain and central nervous system (Crumley 64). Apart from the assumption that the mind and brain are the same, another condition of physicalism is based on the belief that the physical world is causally closed. The thesis of causal closure fundamentally argues that any physical event must equally have a physical cause. This assumption by the Physicalists means that for every occurrence in world, there must be an explanation on the basis of causal interactions occurring at the physical level. Therefore, this worldview is

Homelessness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Homelessness - Essay Example I have found many people around me who forced to spend their final days of their lives in rescue homes even though they have enormous wealth. An old age couple who was staying near my home forced to transfer their lives to a near rescue home recently since they failed to get enough attention from their parents. These couple had huge wealth, but their children were working abroad. They failed to get enough protection from their children and finally forced to take shelter in a rescue home conducting by a charitable trust. In another case, I have seen a person forced to live in a rented house because of unemployment. The recent recession resulted in this person losing his job. He forced to sell his house in order to repay some of his debts and forced to shift to a small rented house with his wife and two children. Before recession itself, they were struggling to find their livelihood. When we analyze both the cases mentioned above, we can see that the homelessness problem is due to structural reasons rather than the individual reasons. Unemployment, poverty, lack of affordable housing, housing policies etc are some of the structural reasons commonly cited by many sociologists for homelessness (What causes homelessness?). But in the first case given above, we can see that the family set up forced the couple to take shelter in rescue homes. Kendall (2008) mentioned that people like to form groups to meet instrumental and expressive needs. Instrumental or task oriented needs cannot be met by one persona alone, so the group work cooperatively to fulfill the goal. Moreover small groups are better for all the members to acquaint well and to interact simultaneously (Kendall, p.151-152). The first case given above can be analyzed with respect to the above perspective. As per the current trends, people like to live in nuclear families, a family with husband, wife and one or two children. It is difficult for them to accommodate more

Walmart -Planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Walmart -Planning - Essay Example Overview of planning Planning is considered to be the first step in doing anything. Planning comprises of a scheduled set of activities and tasks which are pre-defined and resources, cost, material, labor and time is also determined in advance for every activity in the planning process. Without planning, there is no set route to follow and everything goes haywire. Chances of discrepancies, inadequacies, risks and gaps increase in the absence of planning process. Planning can take the form of short or long term planning. In the former case, planning is not much in-depth and focuses on achieving short term monetary benefits. Long term planning is meant to gain strategic advantage because all other elements of managing, controlling and organizing are then aligned with that of strategic planning to fulfill desired goals. Wal-Mart’s vision and mission Wal-Mart’s successful operations are attributed to its cost leadership strategy which has always been focused on its customer (Center for Applied Research 2005). While its vision/mission statement goes as "Wal-Mart’s mission is to help people save money so they can live better†, its stores slogans also compliment its vision and mission statement which run as "Wal-Mart. Always low price. Always." Thus, cost effectiveness and providing products and services at rock bottom prices stand at the core of any planning or managing process at Wal-Mart. Planning at Wal-Mart is a mix of both strategic and day-to-day planning. When we talk of strategic goals, it refer to supplier selection, optimizing on technological inputs, use of automation techniques, software and other decisions which provide a competitive edge to it. Daily routine planning involves inventory control and management, quality control, distribution systems, et cetera (Goodstein, Nolan & Pfeiffer 1993, p.131). Application of planning process within Wal-Mart Wal-Mart is considered as a value driven company and this value addition is attri buted to its strategic planning in operational, tactical and contingency categories. It has always decided in advance where it wants to go, how and which activities to focus upon to achieve desired objectives. Wal-Mart’s planning process spans across all of its functions namely store management, finance, human resources, operations, information technology and strategic management. On tactical front, it has always devised plans and means on how to attract customers and stick to its low cost proposition. This is what gives way to its EDLP (Every Day Low Pricing) strategy. In operations side also, Wal-Mart exercises collaborative planning and forecasting relationship (CPFR) with that of its suppliers as it believes that involvement of suppliers in critical decisions helps reduce costs and improve quality. This way, it is able to extract synergies from that of its partners and develop long term relations with them. From financial perspective, separate committee is formed comprisi ng of 3-4 members who meet regularly and discuss issues pertaining to the capital structure, financial status, global policies, acquisitions, investments and annual financing plans. Within strategic planning, the committee also analyzes the basic goals to be achieved and in this respect, reviews its relations with investors, stakeholders, banks, financial institutions and others. Regular monitoring and check on its dividend policy and annual budgeting process enables undeviated implementation of set plans

Bibliographical Study of Giovanni Boccaccio Essay

Bibliographical Study of Giovanni Boccaccio - Essay Example Giovanni Boccaccio spent his boyhood in the hills about Settignago in the woods above the Mensola and the valley of the Affrico. There is little information available regarding his early years. According to the writings of Giovanni , he was able to read and write at the age of seven, further with Giovanni di Domenico Mazzuoli da Strada he began the study of grammar. (Hutton, E. 12) After that Giovanni was set to study Mathematics and the more he knew about accounting and bookkeeping, the more he hated it. Still hoping to see the son prosperous in a classical way, Giovanni’s father sent him Naples to become a merchant. Giovanni writes later, that â€Å"If my father had dealt wisely with me I might have been among the great poets.† (Hutton, E. 19) Either this way or the other, Giovanni ended up studying law, which, as it seems, he enjoyed no more then banking. The studying of the law allowed him to establish good contact with students. Humanists Barbato da Sulmona and Gio vanni Barrili, and the theologian Dionigi da San Sepolcro should be emphasized when it comes to speaking about the early influences of Boccaccio. Giovanni managed to put up with his stepmother until the moment, when she gave birth to his stepbrother – Francesco. The reflections of Giovanni back on his childhood seem to be filled with grief and sorrow. (Hutton, E. 15-20). Boccaccio saw Maria d'Acquino, a married woman and natural daughter of King Robert, in 1334 for the first time. The woman was the inspiration of his early works, once coming into his life, she never left him. The golden hair, shining eyes, and the milk-white skin, her love was the greatest prize of his youth. (Hutton, E. 30) Even though the fact that Boccaccio found his inspiration in a woman can hardly be doubted, still there is no documental proof that Maria ever existed and was not a product of wild imagination of one of the greatest writers that had ever existed. The reason why particular consideration sh ould be given to the early years of Boccaccio and his first romantic love is that these events pre-determined his further life. Maria introduced Boccaccio to court and merged him to write. 2. Petrarch: Lifelong Friend and Teacher After being called by father back to Florence in 1341, Boccaccio met his lifelong friend and master Petrarch. Undoubtedly, ever since the moment in 1350, when Boccaccio met Petrarch, he was under his influence. This resulted in a

Cmt Communications Essay Example for Free

Cmt Communications Essay The success of any organization is determined by managers being able to plan, set goals, and make decisions. Decision making is the primary function of management and this task should not be taken lightly. Decisions are made to achieve goals and tie them to company actions and outcomes. According to Peter Drucker, Whatever a manager does, he does through decision-making.† When making a decision, managers must take all alternatives into consideration and although one may not have all the answers, a manager must be able to move forward, sometimes immediately, in order to be successful and effective in their decision making process. According to Trewatha Newport, Decision-making involves the selection of a course of action from among two or more possible alternatives in order to arrive at a solution for a given problem. This is a continuous process that requires managers to have specific knowledge, skills and intellectual abilities. Some managers find this task challenging as seen in the case of CMT Telecommunications. In the case of CMT Telecommunications, Manager Dave has been selected to take charge temporarily while his boss is on vacation. His issue is that he has to make a decision to select and assign one of two key managers to take the lead of a new project which entails developing a new CD-ROM self-study course for new software. One manager has extensive experience on the technical side of the house and is in charge of the technical publications department. This manager is skilled in developing detailed manuals on how to use the company’s equipment and software. The other manager oversees the software training department. He is especially skilled in designing training courses that effectively communicate the technical information from the publications department’s manuals. He is known for his excellent presentation skills and for the information being customer friendly and easy to follow. This decision is difficult for Dave because he is friends with both managers but also knows that his decision will reflect his managerial competencies which in the long run can affect his opportunities for advancement. There are three models that decision making fall under: Classical, which is based on rational assumptions and managers beliefs; Administrative Model, which is based on human and environmental limitations and is known to be the most effective model; and the Political Model, which allows collaboration amongst and between managers to facilitate the decision making process when there is uncertainty (Daft, 2013). In this case, the political decision making model is evident in the uncertainty of his ability to make a quick decision. This can be due to his diverse interests in both of the manager’s abilities and past experiences. This is a non-programmed type of decision that Dave needs to make in that it is unique. This is a new project that no one has experienced in the company, let alone Dave as a new project manager having to take the lead and make a difficult decision. There are consequences will play an important role for him personally and professionally. Another aspect of the political model is that Dave realizes he has to get both managers to talk to one another and form a coalition however he fears that this may not be possible given that both managers declared openly that the other department lacked the skills needed to ensure project success. Because both managers are highly skilled and each have a powerful team of employees that can assist with the details and tasks required to ensure the success of the project, they need to be able to work together and form an alliance. By using the political decision making model a manager would engage his team to collaborate and share their diverse ideas, interests and skills, while understanding there are conflicting goals and inconsistent viewpoints. The team would work together towards strategically developing specific goals and in this case, each group could take a certain area of the project to work on then bring them together in hopes to acquire a successful cohesive project outcome. The work of Herbert A. Simon proposes that the two concepts: bounded rationality and satisficing are instruments that shape the administrative model of decision making. Satisficing is when managers choose the first alternative that satisfies the minimum criteria of the decision. Bounded rationality is the concept that managers have to be rational when making decisions based on the amount of time and ability to process all of the information needed to make the decision (Daft, 2013). In the case of David, he does have to make a quick decision mostly because the equipment that needs to be purchased for the project has to be placed immediately. Although Dave understands the differences in opinions from both managers, he has to consider his alternatives in a timely fashion for long-term benefits. He also does not come with much project management experience so his ability to make these types of decisions is limited. As Dave, my plan of action would include the following: * Follow the six steps in the Managerial Decision-Making Process * Discuss project plans with each manager, gather their ideas and perspectives * Brainstorm ideas and develop alternatives that meet both managers needs and that allows for collaboration but at the same time allow for some constructive debate * Use the analytical style of decision making first while considering all the alternatives however switch to the directive style when ready to make the decision * Use intuition and trust in my experience, background, and skills * Take a risk in making the best decision possible without being influenced by emotions or friendships built with the other managers, without thinking too much on past decisions and doubts of my decision making capabilities, have some self-efficacy, and think outside of the box to gather the best ideas and develop strategies to move the project planning phase forward. Every problem can be solved differently depending on the manager, their personality, past experience, education, upbringings, but most importantly their intuition and the risk taking abilities they bring. When making decisions, managers must consider the type of decision that needs to be made, their own managerial style when it comes to making decisions, as well as how rational one can be depending on the decision that needs to be made. One should always consider all the alternatives presented to them as well as the time needed to make a decision. As a manager, one should not be afraid to take risks however should understand the levels of risk depending on the alternatives presented. Being true to what one believes is also important and should always play a part of a manager’s decision making process. References: Kalyan City Life Blog. Decision Making Process in Management-Problem Solving. 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The Stepping Stones of Labor in America Essay Example for Free

The Stepping Stones of Labor in America Essay Throughout time, in all places, there is an upper class and a lower class. During the 16th to 19th century in America people came from all over Europe. People from Europe found America as an escape from their life; a new start. Some could not afford to take a boat ride across the Atlantic with their whole family. Because of this, some people became indentured servants. Later on, the South revolutionized America by bringing in black slaves and getting rid of indentured servitude. Slaves generated the economy for the South, but was also the main cause of the civil war. Both slaves and indentured servants were treated badly, however, black slaves were much more expensive and had to work for life, whereas indentured servants worked for a reward. Both the indentured servants and black slaves did very similar agricultural work. They were treated dreadfully and were not able to change their employer. They didnt get to choose what labor they did and they were not able to own the product from their labor. Black slaves were captured in Africa and brought on boats to come to America. A lot of black slaves didnt make it to America because of sickness and diseases on the boat. Indentured servants were often forced to go with their owner or were kidnapped and put on ships, where the boats were unsanitary. During this time in America there was too much land for the amount of people so when they servants and slaves were brought over they had to sustain the crops and the fields. They worked long hours in the cold winters and in the brutal summer days in the fields. Both the indentured servants and black slaves were scarred mentally for being taken from their families and coming to a new land. They were physically beaten if they tried to escape or didnt do their work well. Sometimes they were beaten without a reason. Both groups were treated badly and couldnt do anything about it. Indentured servants had a certain amount of time they had to work to get a reward so they had more motivation for becoming free and had hope during tough times whereas black slaves were forced into labor for their whole life and didnt have any hope to escape. After the indentured servants had did their time depending how long their contract was, they were given money, land and often a sustainable job. Black slaves were permanently slaves and didnt have as much hope as indentured servants because they had no family and they knew that they were stuck living their life the way it was forever. Also, indentured servants often had learned some economically valuable skills, so when their contract was up, they were more prepared for the outside world, while black slaves were not usually and were not let out. Indentured servants were slaves and dehumanized during their time of their contract, but often had a better life because of what they learned from being a servant and their reward. While both slaves and servants typically did similar work, slaves were bought and put into work whereas indentured servants signed a contract and the owner didnt give up any money value until the end of contract. During this time the cost of a black slave was about 130,000 dollars. This was a lot higher because this is when there was no more indentured servitude and the Souths economy relied on black slaves for cotton. Paying 130,000 dollars for a slave seems like a bad investment, but they got the slaves for life and the slaves could reproduce and have more slaves in the future. The biggest reason why black slaves were a better investment was that they were permanent and were with the owner forever or could be sold whereas white servants were short term and had to give up land and money in the land. Indentured servants were like a loans; youd get them and at the end you would have to give up some money. Black slaves were worth so much more at the time then indenture servants and because of this indentured servants no longer existed. The ultimate purpose of slaves and indentured servants are identical, however, the conditions on which they worked was completely different. Slaves had no hope for any freedom unless they risked the danger of escaping while indentured servants would one day be free from their masters, once they fulfilled there contracts which stated how long they would work for. Slaves were worth a lot more money and helped generate the economy for the South. Eventually indentured servitude disappeared and slavery had become one of the biggest forms of labor in America. While indentured servitude had little impact in the making of America, slavery become one of the most controversial issues of the 1800s, and the issues over racial discrimination which had started in America in the 1600s, would continue on into the mid-twentieth century.

Caste System as a Form of Social Stratification

Caste System as a Form of Social Stratification The caste system is one of the oldest forms of social stratification and even though it may be prohibited by the law, the political divisions continue to exist in the minds of the people leaving many oppressed. Before the caste system, India had four groups or divisions already established: the Negrito, Mongoloid, Austroloid and Dravidian. It was during the Aryan invasion around 1500 BCE when the caste system was created. The word  caste  derives from  the Portuguese  word casta  , meaning breed, race, or kind. In this system, the citizens are divided into categories or castes. Varna, the Sanskrit word for color, refers to large divisions that include various castes; the other terms include castes and subdivisions of castes sometimes called subcastes. Among the Indian terms that are sometimes translated as caste are jati, jat,  biradri, and  samaj. There are thousands of castes and subcastes in India. It follows a basic precept: All me n are created unequal. Each category or jat has a special role to play in the society as well as a unique function: this structure is a means of creating and organizing an effective society. The caste system in India is primarily associated with Hinduism but also exists among other Indian religious groups. Castes are ranked and named. Membership is achieved by birth. Castes are also endogamous groups. Marriages and relationships between members of different castes, while not actually prohibited, face strong social disapproval and the threat of ostracism or even violence. To illustrate, in a notorious case in August 2001, a Brahmin boy and a lower-caste girl were publicly hanged by members of their families in Uttar Pradesh, India for refusing to end their inter-caste relationship.  [1]   The first of the four basic Vedic books, which are considered the source of Indian wisdom, is the Rig Veda- a collection of over 1,000 hymns containing the basic mythology of the Aryan gods. The Rig Veda contains one of the most famous sections in ancient Indian literature in which the first man created, Purusa, is sacrificed in order to give rise to the four varnas. The varna of Brahmans emerged from the mouth. They are the priests and teachers, and look after the intellectual and spiritual needs of the community. They preside over knowledge and education. The varna of Kshatriyas emerged from the arms. Their responsibility is to rule and to protect members of the community. They are associated with rulers and warriors including property owners. The varna of Vaishyas emerged from the thighs. They are the merchants and traders and those who look after commerce and agriculture. The varna of Sudras emerged from the feet. They are the laborers. Castes or subcastes besides the four mentioned include such groups as the  Bhumihar  or landowners and the  Kayastha  or scribes. Some castes arose from very specific occupations, such as the  Garudi   snake charmers or the  Sonjhari, who collected gold from river beds. Each caste is believed by devout Hindus to have its own dharma, or divinely ordained code of proper conduct. Brahmans are usually expected to be nonviolent and spiritual, according to their traditional roles as vegetarian teetotaler priests. Kshatriyas are supposed to be strong, as fighters and rulers should be, with a taste for aggression, eating meat, and drinking alcohol. Vaishyas are stereotyped as adept businessmen, in accord with their traditional activities in commerce. Shudras are often described by others as tolerably pleasant. The existence of rigid ranking is supernaturally validated through the idea of rebirth according to a persons karma, the sum of an individuals deeds in this life and in past lives. After death, a persons life is judged by divine forces, and rebirth is assigned in a high or a low place, depending upon what is deserved. This supernatural sanction can never be neglected, because it brings a person to his or her position in the caste hierarchy, relevant to every transaction involving food or drink, speaking, or touching. The Rig Veda mentions how the four varnas were created but it does not mention the concept of untouchability. The idea of an Untouchable caste à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ is not in the Vedas or the law books, which list only four  varnas.  [2]  It is a part of the system that has been created by society itself. Untouchables are the fifth group. They are considered unworthy that they fall outside of the caste system. In 1950, the term Untouchable was eradicated under Indias constitution, and untouchables are now formally referred to as the Scheduled Castes. Gandhi referred to untouchables as Harijan, which means people of God. Politically active untouchables feel that this term Harijan might evoke pity rather than respect, and prefer the term Dalits, which means, oppressed. Dalits are descendants of the ancient Dravidians of India who lost their language and were subjugated due to the linguistic and socio-cultural oppression by the perpetrators of the caste system. While Dalits in Tamil Nadu speak Tamil, their brethren in other parts of India speak different Dravidian or tribal dialects or languages that arose due to mixtures of Tamil, Sanskrit, Persian and Arabic, such as Hindustani (Hindi). As an Indian is born into the caste system, they are supposed to stay with that caste until death. What a person in each of these varnas can and cant do, is prescribed in detail in the laws of Manu, written by Brahman priests at least 2,000 years ago. The laws of Manu are inscribed in Indian culture. Umashankar Tripathy, a Brahman priest, says, Manu is engraved in every Hindu  [3]   Untouchables or Dalits obviously live also by a certain set of rules. The occupations of people in caste systems are hereditary and dalits perform jobs that cause them to be considered impure and thus untouchable and for little or no pay at all.   They are restricted to occupations such as landless farm workers and peasants, and forced into washing clothes, beating drums, cutting hair, cleaning latrines and sewers, working as a leatherworker (they work with animal skin which makes them unclean), street cleaners, and manual scavengers. Manual scavenging refers to disposal of human waste by hand, using only the most basic tools, typically a brush, a tin plate and a wicker basket. Scavengers also dispose of dead animals. Millions of Dalits work even as slaves. They mostly have no opportunities for better employment. Dalits live in the most congested and cramped slums in villages, towns and urban areas consisting of huts or ghettos which are damp and cramped. They live in the most insanitary conditions with no access to public health and sanitation amongst open sewers and open air toilets. There are no state sponsored public housing rights or public health rights in India. Most Dalits are forced to live in isolated areas. Even after death, grave sites are segregated. The best housing is reserved for the upper castes; the government provides separate amenities for each neighborhood, which are segregated on caste lines. Dalits are usually left with the worse of the amenities or none at all. Over 85% of Indian Dalits own no land and are dependent on landlords for work or land to rent; those that do own land may find it difficult or impossible to enforce their rights; workers rarely receive the statutory minimum wage. Furthermore, in past decades, Dalits in certain areas (especially in parts of the south) had to display extreme deference to high-status people, physically keeping their distancelest their touch or even their shadow pollute otherswearing neither shoes nor any upper body covering (even for women) in the presence of the upper castes. In northern India for example, untouchables had to use drums to let others know of their arrival. Even their shadows were considered polluted. In the south, some Brahmins ordered Untouchables to keep at least 65 feet away from them. Untouchables are shunned, insulted, banned from temples and higher caste homes, made to eat and drink from separate utensils in public places. The higher-caste people do not accept food or water from the untouchable because it would transmit the pollution permanent and inherent in the person of the untouchable. Thus, untouchables are not allowed to drink from the same wells, wear shoes in the presence of an upper caste, or drink from the same cups in tea stalls. They are not allowed to touch people from the four varnas or caste groups. They are not allowed to enter houses of the higher varnas especially in which the chula (the small earthen stove) is located.  [4]  In public occasions, they were compelled to sit at a distance from the four varnas. They are also denied education, freedom of expression, and many other rights the higher classes have. Dalit children do not have access to education due to the lack of mandatory and universal primary and secondary education in India. Even in rural areas where there may be schools, Dalit children are ostracized, oppressed and stigmatized from attending school. Thus, few Dalit children progress beyond primary education and they are often made to sit at the back of the class. Nearly 90 percent of all the poor Indians and 95 percent of all the illiterate Indians are Dalits, according to the International Dalit Conference. Dalit Children are also subjected to atrocities such as sexual abuse in rural areas, physical abuse and murder just as adult Dalits are. They have a high level of malnutrition and ill health. Some are ordained into temple prostitution as a part of religious rituals for exploitation by non-Dalit men of the village or town. Dalit women do all the back breaking work society expects Dalits to do, such as manual scavenging, farm labour, stone breaking, etc., and in addition they have to bear domestic responsibilities as mothers and wives. Dalit women suffer double discrimination as Dalits and as women. They are exposed to sexual abuse at the hands of the so called caste Hindu men and also men who work or state authorities such as the police. They are frequently raped, gang-raped, beaten and tortured or forced to walk through the streets naked as punishment as an act of reprisal against male relatives who have committed some act worthy of upper-caste vengeance. Atrocities such as rape of Dalit women in police custody, bonded labour and physical abuse are common in India. The chastity of women is strongly related to caste status. Generally, the higher ranking the caste, the more sexual control its women are expected to exhibit. Brahman brides should be virginal, faithful to one husband and celibate in widowhood. By contrast, a sweeper bride may or may not be a virgin, extramarital affair may be tolerated, and, if widowed or divorced, the woman is encouraged to remarry. For the higher castes, such control of female sexuality helps ensure purity of lineageof crucial importance to maintenance of high status. Among Muslims, too, high status is strongly correlated with female chastity. Many thousands of Dalit girls are forced into marriage to temples or local deities in south India, often before puberty, sometimes in payment of a debt. They are married to temples under the guise of the religious practice Devadasis, meaning female servant of god. They are then unable to marry and become unwilling prostitutes for upper-caste men, many eventually being sold into brothels. The  Badi  Jat is regarded as a prostitution subcaste. Women and girls are routinely trafficked into brothels. Perversely, and hypocritically, untouchability does not seem to apply to prostitution and customers are mainly men from the upper castes. If, because of any reason, there was a contact between an untouchable and a member of the Varnas, the Varna member became defiled and had to immerse or wash himself with water to be purified. In strict societies, especially among the Twice Born (the three top Varnas) the touched Twice Born also had to pass through some religious ceremonies to purify himself from the pollution. If the untouchable entered a house and touched things of a Varna member, the Varna members used to wash or clean the places where the untouchable touched and stepped. A twice born Hindu is a male member of one of the three upper castes who has completed the thread ceremony. The thread ceremony is a Hindu initiation ceremony, similar to a Christian confirmation or a Jewish  Bar Mitzvah. A thread is given to the boy and it is thereafter worn over the left shoulder or around the waist. The thread has three strands, representing the three  gunas  (qualities):  satya  (truth);   rajas  (action); and  tamas(inertia). Sudras  and Dalits are excluded from the thread ceremony and cannot become twice-born. Horrific and unbearable are just a few words that come to mind when thinking of the abuse towards Dalits. More than 160 million people in India are considered achuta or untouchable. Human rights violation against these people known as Dalits is extremely prevalent although obviously illegal. Laws have been passed to prevent the abuse of the Dalits and NGO groups have been established to protect these people. However, that doesnt limit the crimes. The enforcement of laws on both local and nationwide scale designed to protect the Dalits is lax if not nonexistent in many regions in India. Often times, especially in rural areas, where the practice of untouchability is the strongest, police officers even join in the abuse of the Dalits. Nearly 50 years later, another event gave rise to a mass of conversions by the untouchables. A man from their class became educated, and then dared to try and watch a festival that the upper class men took part in. The untouchable was soon discovered and called a dirty untouchable and then killed. When the dead mans family tried to report the murder to the police, the police turned them away because they were untouchables. Eventually the police gave in and investigated the murder, later convicting a young man, but that did not satisfy the people. They were tired of being treated so poorly, and soon decided to abandon the Hindu religion and chose a new one. Other headlines about crimes victimizing the Dalits are as follows: Dalit boy beaten to death for plucking flowers; Dalit tortured by cops for three days; Dalit witch paraded naked in Bihar; Dalit killed in lock-up at Kurnool; 7 Dalits burnt alive in caste clash; 5 Dalits lynched in Haryana; Dalit woman gang-raped, paraded naked; Police egged on mob to lynch Dalits. Fear of public humiliation, beatings, and rape keep Indias Untouchables in their place. Statistics from Indias National Crime Records Bureau indicate that in 2000 25,455 crimes were committed against Dalits.  [5]  Every hour two Dalits were assaulted; every day three Dalit women raped, two Dalits murdered, and two Dalit homes torched. Majority of crimes go unregistered, because the police, village councils, and government officials often support the caste system, which is based on the teachings of Hinduism. Many crimes go unreported due to fear of reprisal, intimidation by police, inability to pay bribes, or simply because people know that the police will do nothing. There will be no punishment for the criminals; no justice for the victimized. Amnesty estimated that only about 5 percent of attacks are registered  [6]   Hundreds of thousands of Dalits have already renounced Hinduism, generally by conversion to Buddhism or Christianity, sometimes in mass ceremonies.  Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, a Dalit leader, lawyer, and politician,  famously led several hundred thousand Dalits in converting to Buddhism, saying I was born a Hindu, but I will not die one. Conversion is not a panacea, however, and converts to other religions, especially Christianity and Islam, have suffered continued discrimination. Some converts have lost reserved occupations on the grounds that they are no longer members of scheduled castes and converts are not counted as Dalits in the Indian census. Amidst the oppression and hardships, Dalits still have social life which is expressed through dance and music. Theyre dance and music are full of fiery spirit, spontaneity and humour without the inhibitions and rigid classical structure that characterizes Hindu music and arts. Dalit songs celebrates life but laments their life conditions, while frankly exposing the realities of life, in a style full of humour and sensual zest, by using simple instruments and vocals. In modern times, Dalit poetry and writing by social and political activists have taken centre-stage amongst the educated activist community. Despite the harsh treatment that the untouchables are receiving, there have been certain attempts to help them. The elimination of untouchability became one of the main planks of the platform of all social reform movements of India. Reform movements and humanitarian acts such as those started by Buddha, Ramanuja, Ramanand, Chaitanya, Kabir, Nanak, Tukaram and others were established but they hardly had any effect on the peoples treatment on the untouchables.  [7]  The Hindu state also enacted laws to punish those who rebelled against their intolerable conditions. The social oppression of the untouchables had religious sanctions. The British listed the poorest (principally Dalit) subcastes in 1935, creating detailed lists of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes. The 1948 Indian constitution, thanks to its architect  Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, reinforced this classification, for a system of affirmative action called reservation. The concept was that these measures would help the poorest to escape poverty and oppression. Reservation is an attempt by the Indian national government to redress past discrimination. The constitution reserves 22.5% of national government jobs, state legislature seats, seats in the lower house of the national parliament and higher education places for members of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes. Unfortunately, this policy has not been implemented in full. Less than half the national government quota had been filled in total in 1998 and less than 15% of reserved public sector jobs. An unspoken policy discriminates in favor of upper castes, particularly Brahmins. Dalit representation in university teaching posts is less than 1%. New economic forces, education and nationalist movements had different impacts on the treatment of the people on untouchables. Because of new economic forces, railways and buses were introduced, thus, bringing touchables and untouchables together. Modern industries established in India recruited their labor supply and labor market from both touchables and untouchables, who further worked at the machines in physical proximity to one another. The workers also fought together during labor strikes.  [8]  Because of education, whether liberal or technical, their economic conditions somewhat improved and different sections following different occupations began to merge, on class basis, with groups of other castes following similar occupations. The new bonds were based not on caste but on common occupation and class. This very slowly began to dissolve the mass of the untouchables into groups such as factory workers, teachers, clerks, merchants, mechanics, or manufacturers. New economic bonds between the touchables and untouchables following the same economic activity started weakening the prejudice of untouchability.  [9]  Finally, nationalist movements also contributed to the benefits received by the untouchables. For example, the Swaraj struggle demanded the democratic alliance of all castes and communities in India whose vital interests lay in the political independence of the country. The nationalist movement contributed towards the dissolution of old distinctions. The social reformers were moved by humanitarian and national considerations when they crusaded against purely social evils.  [10]   The Untouchables is a topic that touches on many sensitive issues relevant to every society; not only to the Indian society. One prevalent issue that the Untouchables have driven out is that of being an outcast. Perhaps many of us, if not all, can relate to the feeling of being unable to belong and just longing to fit in. Perhaps in high school, we tried out many roles and sought the group we most felt at home in. For the Dalits, life is high school taken to the worse extremes. From birth, they are ostracized. They are placed outside of society; and seen as less than human. They are given roles that they must play, and follow a certain set of rules for the rest of their lives, or suffer the consequences. In our society, to be treated as an outcast in this manner is simply unimaginable. It would seem as though one would go through life apart from society; apart from people. It would be as though one isnt a person at all; that one would be less than a person; less than even an animal. This sense of inequality was seen many times over history, in many different societies, and many are still relevant in todays society. Divisions were brought about by differences in gender, creed, and race, to name a few. Wars have been waged; rallies have been set into motion; and lives have been lost, with regard to all these issues. With all that has happened in our worlds history, Indias society learned nothing to deter from inequalities problems. The Dalits are maltreated and discriminated against. The maltreatment for Dalit women are even harder hit. Their people experience the never-ending cycle of poverty. The caste system was built and based on the idea that each caste or jat has a special role to play in the society but shouldnt an individual have the right to choose what role he/she will play in the society? Is the caste system the best way to achieve an organized and effective society? It is understandable that breaking away from the caste system would be difficult or something very hard to get used to. India has lived through all these years with the mentality that all men are unequal and there will always be untouchables or Dalits. It has become a part of their lives and is embedded in them. There is very little pressure for change, especially within India: it is said that the majority has an interest in perpetuating caste discrimination.  [11]  Protests by Dalits themselves are rare: for many Dalits, day-to-day survival may be a higher priority.  [12]  To quote Human Rights Watch: The solution lies in concerted international attention to assist national governments in this important and long overdue work.  [13]   If you take a look at our society, even without the caste system, you will see that this never-ending cycle of poverty is also a major problem in the Philippines, and one question still stands, that is, How can one break free from poverty? Poverty is a problem, because those experiencing it, the poor, are marginalized. They can barely afford or sometimes cannot afford basic necessities such as food, clothing, and shelter. Yes, in India, as well as the Philippines, there have been programs, laws to aid and support these people. However, it is in the implementation of these laws that fail to solve the problem. For most Western people, the single action that has the best chance of making a difference would be to raise awareness of the problem, repeatedly bringing it to the attention of individuals, politicians, media, diplomats and above all the Indian government.  [14]  The lack of will to change and unity among people (in India, as well as the Philippines) is one important problem in breaking away from poverty and making a change. Therefore, the caste system or these political divisions continue to live in the minds of many, leaving millions of untouchables or Dalits trapped in a world of oppression and poverty. Change is something much called for in the Indian society, in our society, and in many others around our world today. We can study the oppressive Dalit cases time and time again. We can feel disgusted, depressed, and down reading about them, and we can wonder, can their lives ever change? It isnt enough to read and wonder, in order for change, action is a must. In retrospect, there isnt much radical action one can take for the Dalits when still in second year college in the Philippines. However, we believe there is much we can do in the future, for our society, as well as others. In the words of Mahatma Ghandi, be the change you want to see in the world.

clear channel :: essays research papers

Clear Channel   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ever turn on the radio and hear the same five songs over and over again? You can thank clear channel for that. According to a study conducted last summer the top songs are played more than 85 times between 6 a.m. and 6 p.m. and only add around 15 songs a week giving the most air time to the largest sum accepted in the promotional payment contract. In blunt terms it is the illegal practice of payola which allows goods and/or money to be exchanged for air time. But Clear channel has managed to cut corners through indies who are hired by a record label to get stations to play certain songs. Included in their promotional payment contract the musical artist must agree to perform at a Clear Channel concert with in a certain time frame such as Jingle ball held in Philadelphia. This practice leaves little room for an independent artist to be heard on air because of their lack of a middle man; an indie, as well as, the money needed upfront to form a promotional payment contract that ranges around six figures. The abandonment of independent artists is an example of negative synergy. In regards to the contract, the record label’s client not only agrees to perform but also to advertise clear channel stations through voice tracking. Wit the help of a computer assisted voice segments the listener is fooled into believeing the program is locally produced when it is not because the same basic phrase is broadcasted to seventy five other stations. For example you will hear your favorite musician say a phrase like â€Å" Hello Allentown† on one station and in California the same musician is broadcasted to be saying â€Å"Hello L.A.† Voice tracking is not only evident through celebrities but also from radio personalities and their programs. For example Rush Limbaugh is not only broadcasted in Pennsylvania but also Texas. This however violates the communication Act of 1934 where the FCC encourages a diversity of voices so as to promote a vibrant democracy. The multi broadcasted programs such as Limbaugh and Dr. Laura leave their audience with a one sid ed republican view. Born from the same state Enron and Clear Channel both faced the Department of Justice investigation, lawsuits for inappropriate business practices, and they both currently have a bill in Congress to border their impact on their industry. The only difference is that Clear Channel is getting away with their monopolistic corporation and scandals. clear channel :: essays research papers Clear Channel   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ever turn on the radio and hear the same five songs over and over again? You can thank clear channel for that. According to a study conducted last summer the top songs are played more than 85 times between 6 a.m. and 6 p.m. and only add around 15 songs a week giving the most air time to the largest sum accepted in the promotional payment contract. In blunt terms it is the illegal practice of payola which allows goods and/or money to be exchanged for air time. But Clear channel has managed to cut corners through indies who are hired by a record label to get stations to play certain songs. Included in their promotional payment contract the musical artist must agree to perform at a Clear Channel concert with in a certain time frame such as Jingle ball held in Philadelphia. This practice leaves little room for an independent artist to be heard on air because of their lack of a middle man; an indie, as well as, the money needed upfront to form a promotional payment contract that ranges around six figures. The abandonment of independent artists is an example of negative synergy. In regards to the contract, the record label’s client not only agrees to perform but also to advertise clear channel stations through voice tracking. Wit the help of a computer assisted voice segments the listener is fooled into believeing the program is locally produced when it is not because the same basic phrase is broadcasted to seventy five other stations. For example you will hear your favorite musician say a phrase like â€Å" Hello Allentown† on one station and in California the same musician is broadcasted to be saying â€Å"Hello L.A.† Voice tracking is not only evident through celebrities but also from radio personalities and their programs. For example Rush Limbaugh is not only broadcasted in Pennsylvania but also Texas. This however violates the communication Act of 1934 where the FCC encourages a diversity of voices so as to promote a vibrant democracy. The multi broadcasted programs such as Limbaugh and Dr. Laura leave their audience with a one sid ed republican view. Born from the same state Enron and Clear Channel both faced the Department of Justice investigation, lawsuits for inappropriate business practices, and they both currently have a bill in Congress to border their impact on their industry. The only difference is that Clear Channel is getting away with their monopolistic corporation and scandals.

Essay --

A popular writer in his own lifetime, William Shakespeare's reputation became increasingly popular after his death and his work is widely performed throughout the world. He is the most quoted writer in the literature and history because of his poetries and playwrights. His most famous play was â€Å"Hamlet†, which showed a great deal of revenge. This plays theme reflected the true meaning of betrayal, hate and revenge. In this play Shakespeare shows how individuals would act towards a loves death, no matter the outcomes. In the play Hamlet, there were four revengers, Hamlet himself, Laertes, Fortinbras, and Pyrrhus. However, Hamlet and Laertes will be my main focus on examining Shakespeare’s depiction of revenge. Hamlet is the Prince of Denmark, the son of the old King Hamlet. He is very melancholy, and bitter, full of hatred for his uncle’s usurpation. Laertes in the other hand is the son of Polonius. His character is very passionate but contrasts for the reflective Hamlet. These two characters have many comparisons in seeking revenge after the death of their fathers. Although each has the same intentions the outcomes are dissimilar. When Hamlet’s father King Hamlet and Laertes’s father Polonius were killed, it made them want to seek revenge. The similarities that compare these two characters are their life style and education, the emotions towards their father’s death, and the reasons for their revenge. Each character was described as young man who spend most of their times away from their families. Hamlet spends his time studying at the University of Wittenberg and Laertes spends much of the time in France. They were living their life away from all the problems that were occurring in their homes, until the news of t... ... king Hamlet murdered in the garden by his nephew. There Hamlet realized that the ghost’s word has been proven true and then started his revenge. Hamlet took everything much easy and took time to plan his revenge and Laertes didn’t and failed. In conclusion the death of a father has a strong impact on individuals. This play endorses revenge because everyone paid for their sins. Hamlet revenged his father by killing Claudius and so did Laertes when saying about the plot he did with Claudius which is proven in the book and in the film I saw of Hamlet. In the film, however Laertes shots Hamlet with a gun, that then reverses and Hamlet shots him and Claudius. Revenge was taken place and both fathers murder had vengeance. Even though everyone had to die, this play shows that no matter who was involved in any plot. Everyone involved has to pay for their actions. Essay -- A popular writer in his own lifetime, William Shakespeare's reputation became increasingly popular after his death and his work is widely performed throughout the world. He is the most quoted writer in the literature and history because of his poetries and playwrights. His most famous play was â€Å"Hamlet†, which showed a great deal of revenge. This plays theme reflected the true meaning of betrayal, hate and revenge. In this play Shakespeare shows how individuals would act towards a loves death, no matter the outcomes. In the play Hamlet, there were four revengers, Hamlet himself, Laertes, Fortinbras, and Pyrrhus. However, Hamlet and Laertes will be my main focus on examining Shakespeare’s depiction of revenge. Hamlet is the Prince of Denmark, the son of the old King Hamlet. He is very melancholy, and bitter, full of hatred for his uncle’s usurpation. Laertes in the other hand is the son of Polonius. His character is very passionate but contrasts for the reflective Hamlet. These two characters have many comparisons in seeking revenge after the death of their fathers. Although each has the same intentions the outcomes are dissimilar. When Hamlet’s father King Hamlet and Laertes’s father Polonius were killed, it made them want to seek revenge. The similarities that compare these two characters are their life style and education, the emotions towards their father’s death, and the reasons for their revenge. Each character was described as young man who spend most of their times away from their families. Hamlet spends his time studying at the University of Wittenberg and Laertes spends much of the time in France. They were living their life away from all the problems that were occurring in their homes, until the news of t... ... king Hamlet murdered in the garden by his nephew. There Hamlet realized that the ghost’s word has been proven true and then started his revenge. Hamlet took everything much easy and took time to plan his revenge and Laertes didn’t and failed. In conclusion the death of a father has a strong impact on individuals. This play endorses revenge because everyone paid for their sins. Hamlet revenged his father by killing Claudius and so did Laertes when saying about the plot he did with Claudius which is proven in the book and in the film I saw of Hamlet. In the film, however Laertes shots Hamlet with a gun, that then reverses and Hamlet shots him and Claudius. Revenge was taken place and both fathers murder had vengeance. Even though everyone had to die, this play shows that no matter who was involved in any plot. Everyone involved has to pay for their actions.

An Analysis of ?The Meanings of Seneca Falls, 1848-1998? :: essays research papers fc

While being born in the modern times, no woman knows what it was like to have a status less than a man’s. It is hard to envision what struggles many women had to go through in order to get the rights to be considered equal. In the essay The Meanings of Seneca Falls, 1848-1998, Gerda Lerner recalls the events surrounding the great women’s movement. Among the several women that stand out in the movement, Elizabeth Cady Stanton stands out because of her accomplishments. Upon being denied seating and voting rights at the World Antislavery Convention of 1840, she was outraged and humiliated, and wanted change. Because of Elizabeth Cady Stanton’s great perseverance, the Seneca Falls Convention of 1848 was a success as well as a great influence on the future of women’s rights. The convention had several attendees with notable assiduousness to the cause. The founders were Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott, a highly acclaimed speaker and abolitionist. She was even founder of the Philadelphia Female Anti-Slavery Society and its long-term president! Martha Wright, Jane Hunt, and Mary Ann McClintock were all women who worked in anti-slavery fairs that also wanted women’s rights (203). Among other attendees, Frederick Douglass was also present! With the notable group assembled, a road to change was starting to form. The women had very limited rights compared to men of the time. Women had no voice when it came to the law, they were deprived rights of citizenship, and deprived of their property and wages. They were also discriminated when the matters had to do with payment for work and divorce and were declared civilly dead up on marriage (204)! Finally, women were kept out of professions, and were to be kept as a dependent of the man. Half the population had their rights withheld because of the role that they were born into. The Seneca Falls Convention sought out to have these rights changed so that women could have the freedom that they deserved. The outcome of the meeting had a great effect. The movement started at Seneca Falls requested the concepts by demanding legal, property, civil rights, and changes in gender-role definition and the woman’s rights to her own body (205). At the time, it was known that â€Å"all men are created equal†. When the definition is taken literally, the rights of women are demeaned. However, the women believed that as citizens and members of society, they had the rights to be treated equal as any other man.

Typography

Typefaces vary greatly – they have different looks and deferent meanings for people. Certain typefaces are very formal and elegant; others are casual and relaxed. Some typefaces suggest antiquity; others are very modern. The point is that, Just as the size of the television screen affects television programs, so do the typefaces chosen affect how people will Interpret a given message. † (Berger 2008) Here are 4 example of typography that I will explore In the essay. First, we have the phase Happy Birthday. This example of happy birthday is a happy feeling for a hill's birthday.It gives the impression of fun, excitement. The use of purple let you know that this will be a little girl's party. You can use bright purple when promoting children's products. â€Å"We are affected by the size of a given typeface because size affects the way we respond to the design of individual letters† (Berger 2008). This is why I decided to use a large type size for this phase. Happy B irthday Magnolia Grove Bed ; Breakfast Jackson, Mississippi This example Is a way to combine typefaces with similar proportions. â€Å"ProportionsInvolves how they relate to one another In general, relative to the size or area of the visual field being 200). Here, two hard-w;irking typefaces assigned supporting roles: the Brush Script MET that serves as the spotlight by appearing big and the Basketballs Old Face serves for text. Love is patient and kind This example of script font is elegant and formal. This typography is a design that you would use for a wedding. Script fonts are usually use for formal invitation such as wedding invitations such as wedding, formal dinner parties or in my case I use this font when I am scrapbook.This typography has a feminine feel to me Mexico This example really reminds me of a Mexico. The bold color of red Is an example of all the bright and bold colors of Mexico. Why is typography important? Typography has many advantages and its use has Decode Important Tort various communications on a global level. Learn more auto why the use of type is a staple in everyday life and how its use is something on which we all rely. Reference Berger, A. (2008). Seeing is Believing: An Introduction to Visual Communication (3rd deed. ). New York: McGraw-Hill

AIDS Case Study Essay

Client Profile Mr. doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting Thomas is a 42 year old mankind admitted to the hospital with complaints of shortness of breath, fever, fatigue and literal exam thrush. The wellness c atomic spell 18 provider reviews the laboratory and diagnostic tests with Mr. Thomas and informs him he has pneumonia and is human immunodeficiency virus positive. Mr. Thomas believes that he contracted human immunodeficiency virus time involved in an occasion with a nonher woman three geezerhood ago. He is afraid to enumerate his wife, sharp she get out be angry and that she albuminthorn leave him. Case Study The blow assigned to commission for Mr. Thomas reads in the medical record (chart) that he learn two daytimes ago he was human immunodeficiency virus positive. There is a handbill in the record that indicates that Mr. Thomas has non told his wife the diagnosis.To complete a utilitarian health pattern assessment, the bear as ks Mr. Thomas if he may ask him a few questions. Mr. Thomas is leave aloneing and in the course of their conversation sh atomic number 18s with the treasure that he believes that he contracted the human immunodeficiency virus during an role with an other woman. He states, How tolerate I range my wife to the highest degree this? I am so ashamed. It is bad sufficiency that I had an aff cable, solely to pass on to tell her in this modality I hardly dont think I derriere. She is not sick at all. I result vertical say I have pneumonia and take the medication my health bang provider gave me. I do not want my wife of anyone else to agnise. If she begins to understand signs of not feeling well, so I will tell her. I just f dismaypott tell anyone. What will mess think of me if they know I have inciteS?1. Briefly question how the human immunodeficiency virus is transmitted and how it is not. How canful Mr. Thomas prevent the contagious disease of human immunodeficiency virus to his wife and others?In infected people, infectious human immunodeficiency virus is present only in cells and in some bodily wanderings. human immunodeficiency virus can be isolated easily from inception, ejaculate and vaginal/cervical secretions (including menstrual fluids). rent and semen be the cells that be just about likely to protract human immunodeficiency virus. HIV has also been isolated from breast milk. With more than greater difficulty, the virus has on occasion, been isolated from saliva, tears, and urine. It is has not been isolated from perspiration or feces. The rate of flow scientific view is that body fluids other than blood, semen, vaginal/cervical secretions, and breastmilk, find out so little, if any, HIV that they are not of major importance in HIV transmission between individualists. HIV is actually fragile orthogonal of the body, so transmission system requires direct physical gain of two substances, fluid containing the HIV from a n infected person and amenable cells (usually via the blood stream) of another person. Casual contact includes all casefuls of ordinary every day, non-sexual contact between and among people. Shaking hands, hugging, kissing, sharing feeding utensils, sharing towels or napkins, using the said(prenominal) phone and using a faecal matter seat are all prototypes of mundane contact. Because HIV is quickly inactive outside the body, it cannot survive in turn out air or in water. (1) Methods that Mr. Thomas can transmit HIV to his wife and others would be any type of blood transmission or intimate sexual contact. epidemiologic data points to three modes of HIV transmission from person to person from blood, from birth, and from sex. Since Mr. Thomas is young-begetting(prenominal) we can cross out birth. Mr. Thomas can prevent transmission of HIV to his wife and others by only lovely in sexual activity with a condom, and even and then there is a risk of the condom breaking and th en universe feel forful with any types of cuts, open wounds, and contact with others and his own blood.2. Mr. Thomas stated, What will people think of me if they know I have AIDS? How can the nanny explain the difference between being HIV positive and having AIDS?The nurse can explain n that Mr. Thomas does not have AIDS. AIDs are a complication in one case the repellent system can no perennial handle fighting the HIV transmission system. HIV is the actual infection itself, AIDS is what happens once the immune system is compromised leading the way to other infections that may not match a normal wakeless(prenominal) bad or child, exactly become sprightliness threatening to a person with AIDs. This is caused by the weakened immune systems softness to fight off any infection.3. handle the ethical dilemmas inherent in this case.HIV disclosure is defined as a complex and multifaceted process of devising a voluntary or involuntary decision about whom to inform about ones sta tus,why, when, where and how . This is particularly challenge when it comes to informing perseverings sexual quislings, also referred to as partner observance. The three approaches to partner notification include i) source referral, whereby the health care provider encourages the patient ofs to alert their partners themselves ii) provider referral, whereby the health care provider notifies the partners with the consent of the patients while respecting the patients confidentiality and iii) set apartal referral, whereby the patients in agreement with the health care provider are sibyllic to inform their partners within a granted time frame otherwise the health care provider will do so (but without revealing the patients identity)(2)4. Does the health care provider have a profound obligation to tell anyone other than Mr. Thomas that he is HIV positive? If so, hold forth.licitly, the nurse cant tell anyone. In court notifying an HIV-positive patients partner can be argued in monetary value of breaching professional ethics because ethically it is prostitute to disclose your patients outcome or diagnosis to third parties without that individuals consent.5. Any loss, such as loss of ones health, results in a ruefulness response. Describe the distributor points of melancholy according to Kubler-Ross. Denial This cannot happen to me see red Why did this happen to me? Whos to damned for this?Bargaining Just let me live, and Ill do anythingDepression I am too sad to do anything take aimation Im at rest with what is coming.6. establish which stage of grief Mr. Thomas is most likely experiencing. furnish examples of Mr. Thomass behavior that fend for your decision.I believe that Mr. Thomas is experiencing twain denial and anger. In denial, he recognizes that this is so happening to him but he does not want his wife to know and that is his refusal to accept what is going on. The anger portion comes from him blaming his fight for it happening in whic h sense he blames both himself and the woman he had the occasion with.7. What laboratory tests are used to suffer the diagnosis of HIV infection in an adult?HIV is most commonly diagnosed by testing your blood or saliva for the presence of antibodies to the virus. A newer type of test checks for HIV antigen, a protein produced by the virus immediately after infection.8. address the function of CD4 T cells and provide an example of how the CD4 t cell amount guides the counsel of HIV. CD4 cells are a type of white blood cell thats specifically targeted and destroyed by HIV. A healthy persons CD4 count can vary from 500 to more than than 1,000. stock-still if a person has no symptoms, HIV infection progresses to AIDS when his or her CD4 count becomes less than two hundred. (3)9. Briefly explain the project of viral freight blood tests in monitoring the promotion of HIV.The viral load test measures the amount of virus in your blood. Studies have shown that people with higher viral loads generally fare more poorly than do those with a lower viral load.(3)10. Mr. Thomas expresses a hardening to learn more about HIV. Discuss the nurses initial hindrance when seed client teaching and then discuss the progression of the HIV disease, including an rendering of primary infection, A, B, and C and four principal(prenominal) types of expedient infections. There are unalike stages of HIV infection. Primary HIV infection can show symptoms that can be confused as the flu. These symptoms can closing for a couple days to a few weeks and then disappear. Stage 2 is an asymptomatic stage meaning that the patient probably shows little to no symptoms. This stage lasts for an average of ten years and, as its name suggests, is free from major symptoms, although there may be swollen glands. The take aim of HIV in the peripheral blood drops to very low levels but people remain infectious and HIV antibodies are detectable in the blood, so antibody tests will show a pos itive result. search has shown that HIV is not dormantduring this stage, but is very active in the lymph nodes. A test is available to measure the smallish amount of HIV that escapes the lymph nodes. This test which measures HIV RNA (HIV genetic material) is referred to as the viral load test, and it has an important role in the treatment of HIV infection. (4) Stage 3 is symptomatic HIV characterized by lymph nodes and tissues befitting permanently damaged and the virus beginning to mutate to AIDs due to the inability of the body keeping up with associate T cell rebuilding as the HIV virus kills off the avail T cells. Stage 4 is progression of HIV to AIDS. AIDS is diagnosed when any destine listed in clinical stage 4 is diagnosed and/or the CD4 count is less than 200 cells/mm3 or a CD4 percentage less than 15. (4) The ABCs of HIV areAbstinence for youth, including the delay of sexual entryway and abstinence until marriage Being time-tested for HIV and being faithful in marr iage and monogamous relationships Correct and coherent use of condoms for those who practice high-risk behaviours (4) The CDC has listed 24 types of opportunistic infections regarding HIV. As his nurse I would make sure Mr. Thomas had the study regarding all 24, but I would mop up on the 4 main ones since he is already exhibiting symptoms of those. Four main types of opportunistic infections in regards to HIV are Thrush fungal infection of the mouth, throat, or vagina. Herpes simplex virus can cause oral herpes (cold sores) or genital herpes. This is a fairly common infection but if you have HIV, the outbreaks can be much more frequent and more severe. mycobacterium avium complex (MAC or MAI) a bacterial infection that can cause hap fevers, general sick feelings, problems with digestion, and serious weight unit loss Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) a fungal infection that can cause a black-market pneumonia. (6)11. Following the nurses teaching, Mr. Thomas states, How stupid I w as to have that affair. non only could it ruin my marriage, but it gave me a death sentence. Share with Mr. Thomas what you know about long-term survivors, long-term non-progressors, and extremely active antiretroviral therapy (highly active antiretroviral therapy).HIV carriers can carry the virus for a decade showing little to no symptoms.There are many different types of maintenance medicine therapies to alleviate symptoms, and reduce the rate of progression. Antiretroviral therapy can help stall the progression of the disease, however, discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy may result in viral rebound, immune decomposition, and clinical progression of HIV. dangling of HAART is not recommended (7). With HAART, patients who have had a positive HIV test have gone as long as 30 years with little to no symptoms and no progression of AIDS (6). HAART is defined as a drug regimen to achieve sustained viral suppression. Simplified treatment regimens and decreasing the number of m edications that patients have to take each day has proven effective in patients adherence to their treatment. Drug companies are constantly finding new slipway to combine the inhibitors into 2-3 medications versus the extensive treatment regimens earlier used. Overall adherence rates are still only 30-50% in the US, so I would recommend extensive appraise up with Mr. Thomas and his health care providers to increase his adherence.12. Discuss how the nurse should suffice if Mr. Thomass wife approaches him in the hall and asks, Did the test results come back down yet? Do you know what is amiss(p) with my husband?The nurse must tell Mr. Thomass wife that she cannot discuss Mr. Thomass medical origin with her and that she must ask Mr. Thomas himself. Legally and ethically, the nurse cannot give Mr. Thomass wife any information regarding his condition and diagnosis if Mr. Thomas has specifically asked for no information to be disclosed, which he has.13. constitute five possible nu rsing diagnoses captivate to consider for Mr. Thomas.I chose these 5 for where Mr. Thomas is link up to his disease at this time.1. substandard knowledge related to HIV infection, convey of preventing HIV transmission, and self-care2. Risk for infection related to immunodeficiency.3. Activity intolerance related to weakness, fatigue, malnutrition, impairedfluid and electrolyte balance and hypoxia associated with pulmonary infections.4. well-disposed isolation related to stigma of disease, drug withdrawal of support systems, isolation procedures, and fear of infecting others.5. anticipatory grieving related t changes in lifestyle and roles and unfavorable prognosisReferences1) Conner, Ross F., & Fan, Hung Y., & Vilarreal, Luis P. Aids, wisdom and Society, Sixth Edition, 2011, Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC 2) http//www.biomedcentral.com/1472-698X/11/63) www.mayoclinic.com4) www.avert.org5) www.cdc.org6) www.aids.org7) Smeltzer, Suzanne C., & Hinkle, Janice L., & Bare, Bre nda G., & Cheever, Kerry H. Brunner & Suddarths Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, (2010), Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Divorce: Marriage and Progressive Beautiful Life

Divorce doesnt finish a covenant.People usually parental divorce because they think that they cant be together to continue their human life for some behavior reasons. Therefore, young couples feel painful and harder to live than before, logical and the child doesn’t have any idea about the avaricious sudden issue that enters the fear in their hearts.Moreover, some parents hesitate to further split up when they have children, and wont split up instantly which gives them leisure to choose the right choice. Parents who don’t have children don’t hesitate and decide to split up immediately, logical and choose the wrong choice to eliminate how their life.The marriage happened nearly 6,000 years own back at the region of the world deeds that we all know today as the Middle East, in the small Garden of Eden.Cousin marriages stay common across the Earth, especially in the Middle East.

how There was not any religious great ceremony at betrothal or another time, though there will be a big feast the moment the husband consummated the marriage logical and received the spouse.Whatever were girls continue to be educated deeds that weve failed if were not loved by men, Now.Youve got to accept that and first move forward.Everything you place your much attention on grows.

Not a soul in D.appears to want to repair anything.The total lack of a clearly distinguishable belief of youth is significant.Nobody knows logical and so nobody understands of our pain.

Be certain to maintain copies from where the spouse can locate them.Unlike in one many distinct cultures, girls eliminate none of preventing their power the moment they marry.Progressive society clinical Most women submit a program for more divorces due to the simple very fact that they dont need to be concerned about becoming dependent on special someone after the divorce.Its possible to eliminate all of apply your social and family solid supports that you say no.

Letter of Advice for a Newly Engaged Couple Essay

extolment Susan and Gerald on your be labor union. If I might, I would akin to append whatso of all time deli truly of advice and hint some(a) legal chide dickheads to nonplus your man and wife do and satisfying. sure-fire gibber mingled with par e rattling(prenominal)els ontogeny the ca-ca c arlihood for a felicitous espousal, something e truly(prenominal) catch strives for. intercourse is a ferment of umpteen aspects that moldiness(prenominal) be continu solelyy unspoilt and perfect tenseed. though at that place ar stumbling distracts in either descent that whitethorn squ atomic number 18 off intercourse, adjacent the advice in this garner go aside do you fit the m whatsoever a nonher(prenominal) a(prenominal) aspects of the dialogue carry through that moldinessiness be continu all in ally unspoiled and perfected. I go forth institutionalise unneurotic to prepargonher a carg anen of suggestions of chat wights and thin gs to spotter taboo for you twain that provide arrange as a laborsaving exact in on the job(p) towards trenchant intercourse in your conglutination. The mention aims with the prototypic aftermathive parley as welll which is to break in and ca convey by perfecting your ablaze word. accurately perceiving some opposite(a)(a)s emotions whitethorn military service to to a prominenter extent decent embrace the teammates require and opinions and de st device out in cave in locating winning. (Schrder-Ab & Schtz, 2011, p. 156).With egress stirred up cognizance service, you testament non be up to(p) to perceive, produce in, and mighty controert to the emotions of the new(prenominal) soulfulness. delirious in telligence caters my con respond to correctly recognize when a occurrence set off is pregnant to me ease up up if he does non ob reply the equal fashion. By track the enormousness of the re access into court for me, he is demo a omit of empathy and/or a omit of pureness towards the situation. The retell practise of this subprogram attends couples in exploitation blood gratification or tightfistedness with severally some some breeder(a)(a). (Schrder-Ab & Schtz, 2011, p. 156). hatful who atomic number 18 certified of their emotions and ar sharp to the emotions of former(a)s atomic number 18 ruin suit fit to bridge playerle the ups and d meet gots of animation, to drum up from tribulation, and to hold in fulfilling kins with opposites. (Sole, 2011, Ch. 2.5, para. 4). aim to a abundanter extentHow m whatsoever haggling is a 10- fine speech. delirious watchword stinkpot be achieved by tiptop self-aw beness, providing empathy for the some opposite(a)wise(a) some frame, and by transmit uping obstinance oer your emotions. ( judicial decision Tools, 2013). Self-aw atomic number 18ness is gainful management to what you be rivet on and how you go forth turn in the world. (Sole, 2011, p. 74). Self-aw atomic number 18ness bequeath al number one a soulfulness to turn in prevail over their thoughts, emotions, reactions which bowl over all hold rearwards an picture on their expression. A man-to-man that does non take self-aw arness could occupy tense up situations worsened by their behavior, reactions, omit of empathy, or a wish of sensitivity. A mortal that does non pass on concord over their emotions little(prenominal)ens the exchange subjectlihood of quick-scented and consistent finding. The succeeding(prenominal) conference tool on my suggested count is to per kind self-disclosure, as well some some other opportunity to go randy intelligence. Self-disclosure is exposit as sacramental manduction your common soldier purports, fears, doubts and perceptions with your araner. (Schoenberg, 2011). on that propose is naught to be gained if there is no self-disclosure in the midst of twain spate. The perfect self-disclosure among all(prenominal) other should reflect from distri howeverively one other. If the train of self-disclosure is non similar for all(prenominal) soul, it could hightail it to olfactory sensations of resentment, anger, embarrassment, suffering self- certifiedness, and the parcel out which throne twist to conflict. As the cover-and-forth of the self-disclosure assist progresses, so should the direct of intimate information. If the directs of self-disclosure ar mirrored, it burn skeletal frame a savoring of pass around and it mickle give separately someone a judgment of thrift to the other individual. When my con dispense and I scratch line started dating, we would eliminate hours tardily in dialogue getting to determine it off from apiece one(prenominal) other. We charter since en exuberateed talk of the town to separately other. It is advantageously bury how to pass water signifi toilett ch ats amid the hassle of liveness where operative communion or civic pleasantries shape a mundane routine. In an name I read that was create verbally by Schoenberg (2011), it suggests winning at least 10 legal proceeding per twenty-four hour periodlight to treat self-disclosure topics with all(prenominal) other.This could be a nifty proficiency to nominate a full and besotted earthing that as well helps ratify your excited intelligence skills. As we pay off older, we turn in our spirits, perspectives, perception, and the wish well. In pickings the prison term to be own the suggested occasional 10 legal proceeding to submit in mini sessions of self-disclosure, it withholds a couple connected, outgrowth together in sync, andit improves the prime(a) of talk. I lead occasion myself and my conserve as an exercise of the authority of the 10 minute self-disclosure proficiency. My save is active with his solar solar day at work in the the Stat es and I am fill with take aim and taking premeditation of the nippers. every(prenominal) day is a nonstop active day where we from separately one pass our responsibili tie ups. every so faring onward we got to sleep, my save and I take the deal cadence to think back ourselves as a couple. evening though we live with been hook up with for 11 old age, we settle down rent distributively other undecompos fitting-bodied clear(p) end questions much(prenominal) as, What pictorial matter did you desire the virtually as a kid?, What did your family do for romp exploitation up?, and What places would you alike to view?.When you quest unrestricted questions much(prenominal)(prenominal) as who, what, where, when, wherefore, and how, it requires more than(prenominal) than a yes or no retort and encourages the other soulfulness to talk. (Sole, 2011, p. 172). at that place is of all time a calamity for you to break off into stumbling blocks in spi te of appearance social interactions to each other. Stumbling blocks could be in the form of self-image, egoism, and misinterpretation. Self-image is what we tell ourselves what we get word like, if we atomic number 18 blue or skinny, charming or ugly, yearn or dumb, and the like. It is most- precious to subscribe a dictatorial self-image be sire in judge and love yourself, it im differentiate al pitiful in you to be echt and love by other soulfulness. (Sole, 2011, Ch. 3.1, para. 29). If you do non flip a optimistic self-image, it back be k nonty to contain that other somebody accepts and loves you which could lead to surmise in a kin. conceit is your sentience datum of self-worth and the level of expiation you be manage with yourself. (Sole, 2011, Ch. 3.1, Para. 30).A downhearted self-pride could stupefy p inebriatelems inwardly the relationship beca commit it could bring a disheartened office to difficulties that whitethorn rise. For m what soever pot, incubus issues instruct the electric potency to ca lend oneself let loose egotism. A enceinte spokes soulfulness of this pattern would be myself at the measure when I am at my heaviest and/or I am problematic in indispensableness of a haircut. My brain force-out is ignominious and chocked with frustration. I tip to fill a ostracise post towards those more or little me and I take in small to no require to vary the ho routine. This is in opposite word to when I withstand repair my appearance and my self-confidence raises on with my attitude. I furnish to decl atomic number 18 a rosy conceit, which I fishy al misfortunates me to soak up myself out of the firing of low self-esteem when unavoidablenessed. A individual with a brawny grit of self-esteem thinks passing of themselves and has potency in their capacity to retract back from either adversities. If I didnot do my beat out to get a hefty self-esteem, I do not think I w ould be able to charge myself out of the low pockets of self-esteem.Instead, I would most potence fall into a depression. To unless controvert this concept, we merchantman use an coincidence of a soulfulness that takes vitamins on a occasional basis. The soul takes vitamins to streng so their resistive body simply that does not scarcelyify they provide neer get sick. A muscular immune arranging provide get along you less under fire(predicate) to malady and break in supply to stamp down it. ( esteem Self, 2013). In applying this simile towards a psyches self-image, a sanitary self-image go forth not warrantee there go out never be adversities. A sun-loving self-image leave behind slang a soulfulness less at jeopardize of succumbing to adversity and able to mortify it. In essence, having a estimable self-image allows a individual to bank in themselves and to be authorise with the way they look, chance, and so forth. some other(prenominal) po tential stumbling block is misinterpretation. mistaking occurs when one mortal falsely perceives the depicted object of the other soul. It is big to give feedback and to procure feedback to tally neat converse. sink star is ingrained for in effect(p) conference mingled with each other. mis concord piece of tail come from the aspect in a soulfulnesss congressman or from twain communicative conference. The activated state of a vowelise outhouse sound very unfriendly from the sender, whitethornhap from having a bad day, which could mortify the insureee. The meeter could attribute the disallow expression at in the verbalisers juncture sentiment it is tell at them. former(a) problems with the billet of our voices could implicate unclear mumbling, yelling, public lecture too fast, or an pissed melodic phrase of hand could all raise to mis confabulations. We must be conscious of the footmark in our voices to annul whatsoever miscommunicat ions. communicative communication is the inwardness that our bodies give off. a good deal like the spirit of our voices, it is master(prenominal) that we ar aware(p) of what our body verbiage is sexual relation the soulfulness we are utterance to. For face, what we do with our essenceball piece of music we are communication apprise sign of the zodiacing to the other person if we are uninterested or worldly in the conversation (not fashioning eye contact, tint away, looking at our watch, etc.). a lot like our eyeball gage sink a heart to the other person, so end our seventh cranial nerve expressions. Our facial nerve expressions arouse signal to the other person how we feel but, at times ordure be mis advertised as insincerity. (Sole, 2011, p. 119). embody personate and hand gestures are likewise part of the communicative communication that we must be sensible of. frame forcefulness jakes send messages of disinterest if, for work, a person i s fold up their implements of war eon they are communication. change surface your blazonry atomic number 50 be very beguiling to do, crabbedly during a conflict. The examples of communicatory communication mentioned result only serve as an annoying to the situation, or sooner conflict. An example of this is when my married man would grimace as he was qualification a presage during our varietys (conflicts). It was not a genuine smile, but quite a a impish smile. aft(prenominal) cerebration more or less the behavior during our disagreements, my maintain and I make a engagement to do our surmount at avoiding this eccentric of contradict nonverbal communication. It is master(prenominal) to go for a reasoned grit of self-concept, which is an register of your strengths, weaknesses, traits, race, heritage, and any other interpretation that denounces you who you are today. (Sole, 2011, Ch. 3.1, para. 1). end-to-end your life up to this point, you seduce h ad galore(postnominal) feels to react and interpret distinct situations. My special example of this would be the civilisations that I grew up in. ace metaphor would be the Latino culture that my family and I are a part of. I scramd a sensation of belong to the Hispanic participation and it hence compete a part in delimit my self-concept. A wiz of be is an distinguished experience for a person so that they departing see themselves as loved, loving, and valuable. (Ferrer & Fugate, 2003). In short, a person with a brawny whizz of self-concept is able to consider equilibrate in their lives and is able to exhaust cave in accountant over themselves, such as their emotions. This tidy esthesis of self-concept has a appointed effect on relationships. lots like self-esteem or self-image, a negative sense of self-concept has the potential to keep a person from growing a pure tone of belonging.In absent the feeling of belonging, it could serve as a nip that sepa rates the individual from another person thereof preventing any acquaintance in forming. throughout our p destructionic long time, we experience reactions from batch that serve as a form of feedback or we bring near a self-analysis on ourselves establish on that feedback. mavin or some(prenominal) of these confine their own particular parcel in stoop our self-concept, a sense of who we are establish on a faction of the cultures we beget belonged to. everywhere time, this combination of who we are strengthens our self-concept and is an important sour on your superpower to perceive and castigate difficulties.In use to your relationship, your self-concept has an influence on how you imparting handle individualized and sensitive issues that may arise. When communication with each other, it is meaty to develop good audience skills. earreach has the power to make the other person feel worthy, appreciated, and respected. It is a very ill at ease(predicate) feeli ng when you are discourse to someone, they consecrate short(p) earshot skills, and you are unexpended to appreciation if they even guard active what you are talking about. intuition sense of hearing, or faultfinding auditory sense, is earreach for facts, information, or ideas that may be of use to you. (Sole, 2011, Ch. 7.3, Para. 16). empathic auditory modality is when you make an endeavour to put yourself in the other persons place. (Sole, 2011, Ch. 7.3, Para. 18). twain lawsuits of audience exit be of great use to you in your pairing. A great proficiency for two types of discovering is the speaker system system- learner technique. To begin the exercise, the foremost speaker has the bag and when he or she is finished, the listener then iterates what the speaker just said. This march is perennial back and forth throughout the disagreement or conversation. This technique helps in ensuring both pack communicating are apprehensiveness each other. In taki ng a twinkling to summarize what the speaker has said, it gives brass to the speaker. This could to a fault tie into ruttish intelligence, or more specifically, the force to be empathetic towards the other person. When a person does not feel formalise, they volition be less apt(predicate) to listen to the other person. This is an sound technique to use when twain people have problem in communicating with each other. pillow slip in point, during the proterozoic long time of my marriage to my economise, we were having fuss during our disagreements. Our disagreements were fill with emotions and were very tense. all(prenominal) of us valued to get our point crossways and wanted the other person to listen to us. We cognize we were accomplishing nothing. We made a stopping point to attend advise where we acquire the speaker-listener technique. My husband and I both have a better understanding the grandness of validity. It is substantive for a person to be perceive and validated in a conflict. In doing so, they provide be more open(a) to conciliatory with the other person. It has interpreted me more years to understand the splendor of communication skills such as self-disclosure, mad intelligence, and the speaker-listener technique. whole of these skills unite help in avoiding the type of pitfalls that faeces scathe a marriage quite a than help. I try the enormousness of all of these skills to you so that you leave be prosperous in the coming years ofmarriage. I will besides tenor avoiding stumbling blocks such as low self-esteem and misinterpretation that can rob any marriage of the joy of robust communication. I am confident that both of you will be booming in practicing and perfecting the art of communication in the years to come. iodin last note to remember, interpersonal communication is ever changing because people are ever changing, because you will constantly need to practice and perfect it. legal pile on your marr iage and have shimmer acquirement to communicate with each otherReferencesEsteemed Self. (2013). The Dangers of unkept Self-Esteem. Retrieved from http//www.esteemedself.com/what-is-self-esteem/the-dangers-of-low-self-esteem/ Ferrer, M., & Fugate, A.M. (2003). back up Your School-Age minor disclose a whole Self-Concept. EDIS. Retrieved from http//edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fy570 Schoenberg, N. (2011, January 17). john we talk? police detective negotiation about the theatrical role of communication in gifted marriages. McClatchy-Tribune intelligence operation Service. Retrieved from ProQuest Newsstand. chronicle ID 2240370261 Schrder-Ab, M., & Schtz, A. (2011). walkway in each others shoes situation taking mediates personal effects of emotional intelligence on relationship quality. European daybook of Personality, 25(2), 155-169. inside10.1002/per.818 Sole, K. (2011).Making connections thought interpersonal communication. San Diego, CA Bridgepoint Education, Inc. Mind Tools. (2013). aroused intelligence. Retrieved from http//www.mindtools.com/pages/ article/newCDV_59.htm